Performance is one of the most impactful things you can invest in as a web developer.
Why Performance Matters
Every 100ms delay in page load time can reduce conversion rates by 7%. Users expect instant experiences, and frameworks like React give us powerful tools to deliver that — if we know how to use them.
Key Techniques
- **Code Splitting**: Use `React.lazy()` and `Suspense` to split your bundle. Only ship what the user needs for the current page.
- **Memoization**: `React.memo`, `useMemo`, and `useCallback` prevent unnecessary re-renders. But don't overdo it — profile first.
- **Image Optimization**: Next.js `Image` component handles lazy loading, resizing, and WebP conversion automatically.
- **Avoiding Layout Thrashing**: Batch DOM reads and writes. CSS `transform` and `opacity` are GPU-accelerated friends.
What Actually Moves the Needle
After optimizing dozens of production apps, I've found that code splitting and image optimization account for 80% of performance wins. Focus there first.